The value does not exist! A motivation for extremal analysis

نویسندگان

چکیده

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>Standard mathematical economics studies the production, exchange, and consumption of goods “<i>provided with units measurement</i>,” as in physics, order to be enumerated, quantified, added, etc. Therefore, “baskets goods,” which should describe subsets goods, are mathematically represented commodity vectors a vector space, linear combination evaluated by prices, numerical functions. this sense, is branch physics.</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>However, economics, many other domains life sciences, investigate also what will called <i>entities</i>, defining <i>elements deprived measure</i>, thus cannot enumerated.</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>(1) Denoting <inline-formula><tex-math id="M1">\begin{document}$X$\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> set entities id="M2">\begin{document}$x \in X$\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> <i>deprived measurement</i>, “basket goods” actually <i>subset</i> id="M3">\begin{document}$K \subset entities, i.e., an element “<i>hyperset</i>” id="M4">\begin{document}${\cal{P}}(X)$\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, family id="M5">\begin{document}$X$\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula>, no longer space commodities;</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>(2) Entities can “gathered” instead being “added”;</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>(3) still <i>family</i> functions id="M6">\begin{document}$A: x X \mapsto A(x) \mathbb{R}$\end{document}</tex-math></inline-formula> regarded “valuators,” lieu place “prices” evaluating economic goods.</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>(4) Subsets “<i>interval values</i>” <i>between two extremal ones</i>, minimum maximum, sum values weighted their quantities.</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>Life sciences dealing intertwined relations among combinations hypersets offer metaphors “Lamarckian complexity” that keeps us away from binary relations, graphs functions, set-valued maps, focus our attention on “<i>multinary relations</i>” between families hypersets. Even measurement, these “proletarian” enjoy enough properties for pauperization consistent.</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>This object <i>extremal manifesto</i>: <i>in spaces yield imperial status “state space” prices hypervaluators</i>.</p><p style='text-indent:20px;'>We have add only gathered, do not linear, although it costs some effort deprive oneself powerful luxurious charms convex functional analysis motivated style='text-indent:20px;'>These sacrifices concern fields science, since physicists deal experimental observations objects endowed unit measurement adequate processes measurement. They happily live without any guilt. This case scientists, who mainly history support validate observations, with, sometimes, privilege statistically measure frequency them.</p>

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk

سال: 2022

ISSN: ['2367-0126', '2095-9672']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3934/puqr.2022013